Which important nitrogen-containing compound is produced in Haber's process?

Analysis

The question asks for the specific nitrogen-containing compound synthesized during the industrial process known as the Haber process.

Concept Explanation

The Haber process (also known as the Haber-Bosch process) is the primary industrial method used to produce ammonia ($NH_3$).

In this process, nitrogen gas ($N_2$) from the air is reacted with hydrogen gas ($H_2$) under specific conditions:

• Temperature: About 400°C – 450°C.
• Pressure: High pressure, typically 200 atmospheres.
• Catalyst: Finely divided iron.

The chemical equation for the reaction is:

Step-by-Step Solution

1. Identify the reactants: The process uses Nitrogen ($N_2$) and Hydrogen ($H_2$).
2. Identify the product: The reaction is designed to synthesize ammonia ($NH_3$), which is a vital component in the production of fertilizers.
3. Evaluate the options: • A. $NH_3$ (Ammonia): This is the direct product of the Haber process. • B. $NO_2$ (Nitrogen dioxide): This is typically produced in the Ostwald process or through the reaction of concentrated nitric acid. • C. $NO$ (Nitrogen monoxide): This is an intermediate in the Ostwald process. • D. $HNO_3$ (Nitric acid): This is produced via the Ostwald process, often using ammonia (the product of the Haber process) as a starting material.

Conclusion

Since the Haber process is specifically defined as the industrial synthesis of ammonia, the correct compound is $NH_3$.

Exam Tip: Always distinguish between the Haber process (for Ammonia, $NH_3$) and the Ostwald process (for Nitric acid, $HNO_3$). Students often confuse these two in exams!