Which of the following properties is not peculiar to matter?

To solve this question, we need to understand the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter, which describes how particles behave in the three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.

1. Analyze the Question

The question asks us to identify the statement that is not true (not peculiar) regarding the properties of matter as we transition between states.

2. Explain the Concepts

• Kinetic Energy: This is the energy of motion. As you move from solid to liquid to gas, the particles gain more energy and move faster. Therefore, kinetic energy increases from solid to gas.
• Random Motion: This refers to how freely particles move. Gas particles move randomly and rapidly, while solid particles are fixed in a lattice structure. Therefore, random motion is highest in gases and lowest in solids.
• Orderliness: This refers to how organized the particles are. Solids are highly ordered, while gases are completely disordered. Therefore, orderliness decreases from solid to gas (or increases from gas to solid).

3. Evaluate the Options

• Option A: "Kinetic energy of particles increases from solid to gas." This is true. As heat is added, particles gain energy and move more vigorously.
• Option B: "Random motion of particles increases from gas to solid." This is false. Random motion is highest in gases and lowest in solids. Moving from gas to solid actually decreases random motion.
• Option C: "Orderliness of particles increases from gas to liquid." This is true. As you move from a gas (disordered) to a liquid (more structured), the particles become more ordered.
• Option D: "Random motion of particles increases from liquid to gas." This is true. Gas particles have more freedom of movement than liquid particles.

4. Identify the Answer

Since the question asks for the property that is not peculiar (not true), Option B is the correct choice because random motion decreases, rather than increases, when moving from gas to solid.

5. Exam Tip

When dealing with states of matter questions, remember the "G-L-S" rule:

• Gas: High energy, high randomness, low order.
• Liquid: Medium energy, medium randomness, medium order.
• Solid: Low energy, low randomness, high order. If a statement suggests that randomness increases as you move toward a solid, it is almost certainly incorrect!