The metal whose ore can be concentrated by passing it through a magnetic separator is

1. Analyze the Question

The question asks for a specific metal whose ore is concentrated using a magnetic separator. This means the ore of the metal must possess magnetic properties, allowing it to be separated from non-magnetic impurities (gangue) when passed over a magnetic belt.

2. Explain the Concept

In metallurgy, magnetic separation is a physical method used to concentrate ores where either the ore itself or the impurities are magnetic.

• Tin (Sn): The primary ore of tin is Cassiterite ($SnO_2$). Cassiterite is often found associated with an impurity called Wolframite ($FeWO_4$ and $MnWO_4$).
• The Principle: Wolframite is magnetic, while Cassiterite is non-magnetic. By passing the crushed ore over a magnetic separator, the magnetic impurities (Wolframite) are pulled away by the magnet, leaving behind the concentrated Tin ore.
• Other options: Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), and Calcium (Ca) ores are typically concentrated using other methods like froth flotation (for sulfides) or chemical leaching, as they do not rely on magnetic properties for primary concentration.

3. Show the Solution

• Step 1: Identify the ore of each metal. • Zn: Zinc blende ($ZnS$) • Sn: Cassiterite ($SnO_2$) • Cu: Copper pyrites ($CuFeS_2$) • Ca: Limestone ($CaCO_3$)
• Step 2: Evaluate the concentration method. • Cassiterite ($SnO_2$) is the classic example in chemistry textbooks for magnetic separation because it is separated from the magnetic impurity Wolframite.
• Step 3: Conclusion. Since Cassiterite is the ore that requires magnetic separation to remove magnetic impurities, Tin (Sn) is the correct metal.

4. Identify the Answer

The correct option is B.

5. Exam Tip

When you see "Magnetic Separator" in a JAMB Chemistry question, immediately look for Tin (Sn) or Cassiterite. If you see "Froth Flotation," look for Sulfide ores (like Copper or Zinc). Remembering these associations will save you time during the exam!