A medium texture soil with high organic matter is

Analyze the question: The question asks which soil type has a medium texture and also high organic matter. That points to a soil with balanced particle sizes that is rich in decomposed material.

Explain the concept: Soil texture depends on the proportion of sand, silt and clay particles.

• Sandy soil: coarse texture, large particles, drains quickly, low organic matter and poor water retention.
• Clay soil: fine texture, very small particles, poor drainage and aeration, and sticky when wet.
• Loamy soil: a mixture of sand, silt and clay in roughly balanced proportions. It has a medium texture, good drainage, good water retention and is rich in humus (organic matter). It is the best soil for farming.
• Humus: this is not a soil texture type. It is the dark, decomposed organic material in the soil, and it is the organic matter itself, not a "medium texture soil".

Step-by-step solution:

1. "Medium texture" rules out sandy (coarse) and clay (fine).
2. "High organic matter" fits loamy soil, which is rich in humus.
3. Humus is a component of soil, not a soil class with a texture, so option C does not fit.

Answer: The correct option is B. loamy.

Exam tip: Remember "Loam = Lovely for farming." Whenever you see "medium texture", "fertile", "well-drained" and "rich in humus" together, think loamy soil. Also remember that humus is a material in the soil, not a soil type.