JAMB 2018 Biology · Question 21
The hormones secreted by pancreas serves to
Options
- A.Facilitate the development of facial hairs
- B.Raise the level of calcium in the blood
- C.Lower blood glucose level
- D.Make the body react to emergencies
Answer: C. Lower blood glucose level
Explanation written with AI and checked against the answer key
Analyze the question: It asks about the function of hormones secreted by the pancreas.
Explain the concept: The pancreas is both an exocrine gland (it secretes digestive enzymes) and an endocrine gland. Its endocrine part is made up of the islets of Langerhans, which secrete two hormones:
- Insulin (from beta cells): lowers blood glucose by helping cells take up glucose and by converting excess glucose to glycogen in the liver and muscles.
- Glucagon (from alpha cells): raises blood glucose by converting glycogen back to glucose.
Together, they keep blood sugar level stable (homeostasis).
Check each option:
- A. Facial hair development: This is controlled by androgens such as testosterone, from the testes. It is not a pancreatic function.
- B. Raise blood calcium: This is done by parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid glands, not the pancreas.
- C. Lower blood glucose level: This is the action of insulin, the main pancreatic hormone. Correct.
- D. Make the body react to emergencies: This describes adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal medulla, the "fight or flight" hormone.
Answer: The pancreas secretes insulin, which lowers blood glucose.
Exam tip: Match each gland to its key job:
- Pancreas → blood sugar (insulin lowers it)
- Adrenal → emergencies (adrenaline)
- Parathyroid → calcium
- Testes → male features, such as facial hair
Insulin = "Insulin brings sugar in" to the cells, so blood sugar goes down.
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