JAMB 2015 Biology · Question 42

Another name for a fertilized egg is a

Options

  1. A.placenta
  2. B.zygote
  3. C.foetus
  4. D.ovum

Answer: B. zygote

Explanation written with AI and checked against the answer key

Step 1: Analyze the question The question asks for another name for a fertilized egg, which is the cell formed right after fertilization.

Step 2: Explain the concept During sexual reproduction, the male gamete (sperm) fuses with the female gamete (ovum or egg) in a process called fertilization. The cell produced is diploid (2n) because it carries chromosomes from both parents.

Here is the sequence of development:

  • Ovum → the unfertilized female gamete (haploid, n)
  • Zygote → the fertilized egg (diploid, 2n)
  • Embryo → forms after the zygote divides repeatedly
  • Foetus → the later stage of development in the womb (in humans, from about 8 weeks onward)

Step 3: Check each option

  • A. Placenta: an organ in the uterus that exchanges nutrients, oxygen, and wastes between mother and baby. It is not a cell. ✗
  • B. Zygote: the cell formed when the sperm fuses with the ovum. ✓
  • C. Foetus: a developing baby at a later stage, not a single fertilized cell. ✗
  • D. Ovum: the egg cell before fertilization. ✗

Step 4: Answer The correct option is B. Zygote.

Tip: Remember the order O-Z-E-F: Ovum → Zygote → Embryo → Foetus. The "Z" in zygote reminds you of "Zipped together", because the sperm and egg have joined as one.

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