JAMB 2010 Biology · Question 49

The main distinguishing features between the soldier termite and other members of the caste are the?

Options

A.presence of wings, possession of a small head and large thorax
B.presence of wings, possession of a large thorax and a small head
C.absence of wings, possession of strong mandibles and a large head
D.absence of wings,possession of big head and the absence of mandible

Answer: C. absence of wings, possession of strong mandibles and a large head

Explanation written with AI and checked against the answer key

Analyze the question: It asks what distinguishes the soldier termite from the other castes (workers, reproductives/king and queen, nymphs).

Concept: Termites are social insects that live in colonies with a caste system. Each caste has a specific role and body form:

King and queen (reproductives): Winged at first, then shed their wings. The queen has a large abdomen for laying eggs.
Workers: Wingless, with small, pale bodies. They build the nest, forage and feed the colony.
Soldiers: Wingless, with a large, hard, darkened head and strong, enlarged mandibles. They defend the colony against enemies such as ants.

Step-by-step solution:

Soldiers have no wings, so options A and B are out.
Soldiers have strong, well-developed mandibles for defence, so option D (absence of mandibles) is wrong.
Soldiers have a large, heavily sclerotised head that holds the powerful jaw muscles.

Option C matches: absence of wings, strong mandibles and a large head.

Correct answer: C

Exam tip: Remember soldier termites as "big head, big jaws, no wings, and they are the colony's army." If an option says soldiers have wings or no mandibles, eliminate it immediately.

AI can make mistakes. Report anything that looks wrong.